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Key Concepts: Portfolio, Holding, Trade and Transaction

Understand portfolios, holdings, trades and transactions in Navexa, including how income and cash movements fit in and how to organise investments by tax entity.

Track your investments accurately by setting up one portfolio for each tax entity, then adding the holdings and recording the transactions that belong to it.

Diagram showing one portfolio per tax entity and multiple accounts within a portfolio

Overview

In Navexa, four terms help explain how your data fits together:

  • Portfolio = the container for one tax entity

  • Holding = an individual asset inside that portfolio

  • Trade = an investment record, such as a buy, sell, corporate action or cost base adjustment

  • Transaction = the broader term for recorded activity, including trades, income and cash movements

The most important rule is this:

Create one portfolio for each tax entity, not one portfolio for each broker.

A single portfolio can contain multiple brokerage accounts, broker accounts, crypto exchange accounts, cash accounts, and custom investments, as long as they all belong to the same tax entity.


What is a portfolio?

A portfolio in Navexa represents all investments for one tax entity.

Individual, joint account, SMSF, trust and company as separate tax entities

That could be:

  • an individual

  • a joint account

  • an SMSF

  • a trust

  • a company

Think of a portfolio as the main container that groups everything together for that entity.

What can sit inside one portfolio?

A portfolio can contain the accounts and investments that belong to the same tax entity.

Broker, crypto, cash and custom investments grouped in one personal portfolio

One portfolio can include:

  • multiple brokerage accounts or broker accounts

  • multiple crypto exchange accounts

  • cash accounts

  • custom investments

  • many different holdings

For example, one personal portfolio might include:

  • a CommSec account

  • a Pearler account

  • a CoinSpot account

  • a cash account

If all of those accounts belong to the same person or entity, they should usually sit inside the same portfolio.

Why portfolios matter

Each portfolio has its own:

  • performance calculations

  • tax reports

  • income reporting

  • settings and history

This is why we recommend setting portfolios up around tax entities, not platforms or accounts.


What is a holding?

A holding is an individual asset inside a portfolio.

Examples of holdings include:

  • shares

  • ETFs

  • managed funds

  • crypto

  • property

  • custom investments

  • cash accounts

Each holding is tracked separately for performance, income, and tax.

A portfolio can contain many holdings, but each holding belongs to one portfolio.


What is a trade?

A trade records investment activity for a holding. The available trade types depend on the asset.

For shares, ETFs, managed funds and Custom Investments, trade records can include:

  • buys and sells

  • opening balances

  • corporate actions such as splits, consolidations and bonus issues

  • returns of capital and cost base adjustments

Crypto trade records can also include swaps and supported transfers.

Dividends, distributions and other investment income are recorded separately from ordinary buy and sell trades. When a dividend or distribution is reinvested, Navexa can also create a Dividend Reinvestment transaction to record the additional units acquired.

What is a transaction?

A transaction is a broader record of activity in Navexa. Transactions can include:

  • investment trades

  • income records such as dividends, distributions and staking rewards

  • Cash Account deposits, withdrawals, interest and fees

The screen you use depends on the record. Investment holdings separate Trades from Income. Cash Accounts use Transactions, and the portfolio's Transactions page brings recorded activity together across holdings.

Interest received in a Cash Account is income, recorded using the Interest Payment transaction type. A deposit into a Cash Account is a cash movement and is not automatically income.

Transactions build the recorded history of your holdings. All the holdings together make up your portfolio.


How they fit together

Here’s the structure in plain English:

  • A portfolio is the tax entity

  • A holding is an asset inside that portfolio

  • Transactions record trades, income and cash movements against the relevant holdings

Example:

  • Portfolio: Tom Personal

  • Holdings: VAS, CBA, BTC, Cash Account

  • Transactions: buy VAS and buy BTC (trades), receive a CBA dividend (income), add a Cash Account deposit (cash movement)

Everything stays in the same portfolio because it belongs to the same tax entity.


Common setup examples

These examples show how to group investments by their owner or tax entity.

Personal investor with multiple accounts

You have:

  • a CommSec account

  • a Pearler account

  • a CoinSpot account

If they all belong to you personally, they would usually go into one Personal portfolio.

Separate entity

You also have an SMSF account.

That should usually go into a separate SMSF portfolio, because it is a different tax entity.


FAQs

These answers explain how portfolios, holdings, trades and transactions fit together.

How many portfolios should I create?

Basic includes one portfolio. To add more portfolios, upgrade to Standard or Premium. See Add a Portfolio.

You should usually create one portfolio for each tax entity.

For example, you might have:

  • one personal portfolio

  • one SMSF portfolio

  • one trust portfolio

Should I create a portfolio for each broker?

We don't recommend this. A portfolio can contain multiple broker accounts. Group all brokers belonging to the same tax entity into a single portfolio.

The same idea applies to crypto exchange accounts. If multiple exchanges belong to the same tax entity, they should usually sit inside the same portfolio.

Can I have more than one broker account in a portfolio?

Yes. One portfolio can contain multiple broker accounts, brokerage accounts, and crypto exchange accounts, as long as they belong to the same tax entity.

Can the same asset appear in more than one portfolio?

Yes, but as separate holdings.

For example, if you own VAS personally and your SMSF also owns VAS, each portfolio would have its own VAS holding because each portfolio represents a different tax entity.

Can I move a holding to another portfolio later?

Yes. If you set something up incorrectly, you can move a holding to another portfolio.

Moving a holding reassigns its recorded history to the destination portfolio. If the destination already contains the same holding, Navexa can offer to combine the holdings. Review the preview and any confirmed income warning before proceeding. See Move a Holding to Another Portfolio.

Can I track assets that are not shares?

Yes. A portfolio can also include:

  • cash accounts

  • term deposits

  • property

  • other custom investments

Do portfolios affect tax reporting?

Yes. Tax reports are generated per portfolio.

That is why the cleanest setup is usually one portfolio per tax entity.

In short

Use this rule when setting up Navexa:

  • One portfolio = one tax entity

  • One portfolio can contain multiple broker accounts and crypto exchange accounts

  • Holdings sit inside portfolios

  • Transactions build the recorded history of each holding, including trades, income and cash movements

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